A test result can be helpful when it is part of a clear clinical question. A broad list of tests can also create results that need further discussion without explaining a symptom. You can use this guide to prepare for a conversation about the right route for you.
Symptoms need assessment, not screening
Screening is for people without symptoms. If you have a new, severe or worsening symptom, ask for the appropriate clinical advice rather than relying on a routine health check. Call 999 for a life-threatening emergency. Use NHS 111 if you need urgent medical help and are unsure where to go.[5] [6]
Screening, health checks and symptom assessment have different jobs
NHS screening aims to identify apparently healthy people who may have an increased risk of a specific condition. A higher-risk result may need diagnostic tests. A normal result does not guarantee that you will not develop the condition in the future.[1]
The UK National Screening Committee weighs potential benefits and harms before it recommends a screening programme. NHS guidance notes that some commercially offered screening tests are not recommended because the balance of benefit and harm is unclear.[1]
A health-check conversation can consider your individual context. It should not present tests as a guarantee of prevention, diagnosis or reassurance.
Questions that can guide a tailored discussion
Do I have new, persistent or worsening symptoms?
Symptoms need an assessment pathway. Screening tests do not diagnose the cause of symptoms or replace a clinical review.
Am I due an NHS screening invitation?
Check your current screening status and read the programme information before you decide. Screening is a choice and each programme has its own balance of benefits and limitations.
Is there a relevant personal or family history?
A clinician can consider history, medicines and risk factors when discussing whether any targeted assessment is useful.
Do I have a specific health question?
Start with the question. A test should be chosen to address a clinical concern, rather than included because it appears on a standard list.
NHS screening: keep the pathways separate
Cervical screening checks the health of the cervix and helps prevent cervical cancer. In England, people with a cervix aged 25 to 64 are invited for cervical screening every five years.[2] Breast screening uses mammograms to look for cancers too small to see or feel; the NHS programme has its own invitations and criteria.[3]
Neither pathway replaces an assessment if you have symptoms. Read the information sent with an invitation and ask a health professional about questions, benefits, limitations and next steps.
Menopause and hormone tests
Hormone blood tests are not routinely needed to diagnose menopause in otherwise healthy women aged 45 or over (NICE guidance); testing may be appropriate in younger women, atypical presentations, or where another diagnosis is being considered. NICE guidance supports individualised care and information rather than a routine hormone panel.[4]
Related information
Frequently asked questions
Do women need the same tests every year?
No. There is no single annual test list that suits everyone. Your symptoms, health history, medicines, family history, risk factors and current NHS screening status can guide a clinical discussion.
Does a health check replace NHS screening?
No. NHS screening programmes have their own invitations and follow-up pathways. Screening looks for increased risk in people without symptoms and does not replace a symptom assessment.
Are hormone blood tests needed to diagnose menopause?
Hormone blood tests are not routinely needed to diagnose menopause in otherwise healthy women aged 45 or over (NICE guidance); testing may be appropriate in younger women, atypical presentations, or where another diagnosis is being considered.
Can a normal screening result rule out a condition?
No. A normal screening result means you are at low risk for the condition screened for at that time. It does not mean you will never develop it. Seek advice if you develop symptoms.
Can I add tests to a health check?
A clinician can discuss whether a specific test is suitable for your symptoms or risk factors. The clinic confirms the appropriate route, preparation, availability, reporting and follow-up at booking.
When should I seek urgent help?
Call 999 for a life-threatening emergency. Use NHS 111 if you need urgent medical help and are unsure where to go. A routine health check is not an emergency service.